On December 1, the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy (MOTIE) of South Korea disclosed that Korea’s export value in November experienced a notable YoY increase of 7.8 %, reaching a monthly peak for this year at USD 55.8 billion. Concurrently, imports contracted by 11.6 % to USD 52.0 billion, resulting in a trade surplus of USD 3.8 billion.

Semiconductors, ending a 15-month decline, exhibited growth of 12.9 %, attributed to the escalating fixed prices of memory chips. Anticipated releases of new smartphone models and AI server products are expected to fuel demand, sustaining the positive trend in exports.

The export value of automobiles surged by 21.5 % to USD 6.5 billion, marking the 17th consecutive month of growth. This was fueled by robust demand for high value-added vehicles, such as SUVs and eco-friendly cars, particularly in the U.S. market. On the other hand, Electric Vehicles (EVs), constituting 23.8 % of the total automobile export value, experienced a remarkable 69.4 % increase, reaching USD 1.6 billion.

In terms of regional performance, exports to six out of Korea’s nine major destinations achieved growth, with notable increases in exports to the U.S., ASEAN, Japan, Latin America, India, and the EU.

Exports to China, despite a marginal decrease of 0.2 % to USD 11.4 billion, reached unprecedented highs, surpassing USD 10 billion for the fourth consecutive month. For the U.S., the exports recorded double-digit growth for the second consecutive month, reaching USD 11.0 billion, driven by strong demand for automobiles, machinery, semiconductors, wireless communication devices, home appliances, petrochemicals, and bio-related products.

In terms of Asia, ASEAN witnessed an 8.7 % increase in exports to USD 9.8 billion, achieving the second-highest November monthly exports of all time across various sectors. Exports to Japan increased by 11.5 % to USD 2.6 billion, driven by growth in petroleum products and bio health despite a decline in steel exports.

On November 30th, Apple revealed an extension of its partnership with Amkor in the advanced packaging sector within the United States. Apple proudly proclaimed its role as the inaugural and principal client for Amkor’s recently established facility in Peoria, Arizona. In this collaboration, Amkor will handle the packaging of Apple chips manufactured at the nearby TSMC’s wafer fab. Worth noting, Apple is also TSMC’s leading customer at the Arizona fab.

Jeff Williams, Apple’s CEO, emphasized Apple’s unwavering commitment to American manufacturing, stating that they will continue expanding investments in the U.S. Apple silicon’s groundbreaking performance capabilities have enabled users to accomplish unprecedented tasks. The announcement highlights the anticipation of Apple silicon being manufactured and packaged in Arizona.

According to the press release, Apple and Amkor have been collaborating for over a decade, packaging chips extensively used in all Apple products. Concerning the new factory, Amkor will invest approximately $2 billion, and upon completion, it will employ over 2,000 people.

Apple also underscores that the investment in advanced manufacturing is part of the company’s commitment in 2021 to invest USD 430 billion in the U.S. economy over five years. Currently, Apple is working towards achieving this goal through direct spending with American suppliers, data center investments, U.S. capital expenditures, and other domestic expenditures.

On the other hand, Amkor outlined plans to establish a state-of-the-art manufacturing campus featuring an expansive 500,000 square feet of cleanroom space. The primary objective of the initial phase is to initiate production within the next two to three years.

Amkor aims to provide cutting-edge technology catering to high-volume semiconductor advanced packaging and testing, specifically supporting crucial markets such as high-performance computing, automotive, and communications. The newly proposed production facility will be strategically located within a semiconductor hub, surrounded by front-end wafer fabs, IDM, and existing or expanding suppliers in the field, including TSMC, Intel, Applied Materials, ASML, and others.

“Amkor has been a strategic OSAT partner to TSMC for many years,” said Dr. C.C. Wei, CEO of TSMC. “TSMC applauds Amkor for investing in the future of the semiconductor industry with us in Arizona. We share Amkor’s excitement for its significant investment and the value this facility will bring to TSMC, our customers, and the ecosystem.”

Giel Rutten, CEO from Amkor, indicated the incorporation of this new U.S. facility with Amkor’s advanced facilities across Asia and Europe serves to strengthen global extension and fosters both global and regional supply chains. Amkor’s investment is positioned to bolster them in advanced packaging and testing, concurrently reaffirming the commitment to expanding chip manufacturing in the United States.

According from the financial reports, Amkor’s two largest clients are Apple and Qualcomm. Apple accounted for 20.6% and Qualcomm 10.1%. of Amkor’s USD 7.1 billion in revenue last year.
(Image: Amkor)

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According to South Korean media The Elec’s report, due to strong demand from Chinese chip manufacturers and wafer foundries, the shortage of photomasks in the market has not eased, and it is anticipated that prices will rise in 2024.

The report notes that most photomask manufacturers, including Japan’s Toppan, DaiNippon Printing, and the U.S.’s Photronics, are currently operating at full capacity with a utilization rate of 100%. Some Chinese chip companies are even willing to pay additional fees to expedite delivery schedules.

In the field of integrated circuits, the function of a photomask is similar to the “film” in a traditional camera. With the collaboration of exposure and development processes in photolithography machines and photoresist, the pre-designed patterns on the photomask are transferred to the photoresist on the substrate, enabling mass production through image replication.

Photomasks play an indispensable role in the semiconductor chip manufacturing process, especially in advanced processes where more intricate circuit patterns require multiple layers of photomasks to aid production. For example, mature processes may require around 30 photomasks, while the latest advanced processes might demand as many as 70 to 80 photomasks to handle.

Currently, Chinese foundry giant SMIC employs Deep Ultraviolet (DUV) technology to produce 7nm chips. Compared to Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV), DUV requires more photomasks for the fabrication of multiple circuit patterns.

Toppan Printing, in its latest quarterly financial report covering July to September, anticipates a continual increase in demand for photomasks throughout 2023. DaiNippon Printing expressed agreement with this assessment in its half-year financial report for the period from April to September.

The graphic dimensions, precision, and manufacturing technology requirements of semiconductor photomasks continue to increase, with only a 3% domestication rate for high-end photomask versions in China. In the preparation of photomasks, the Chinese semiconductor photomask industry faces a situation where high-end equipment and materials are dominated by foreign manufacturers.

In the photomask industry chain, the upstream sector primarily involves equipment, substrates, light-blocking films, and chemical reagents; the midstream sector is photomask manufacturing, and the downstream sector includes chips, flat panel displays, touchscreens, circuit boards, and more.

The urgent demand for domestic substitutes for photomask versions is apparent, and the revenue scale of Chinese photomask manufacturers still has a considerable gap compared to leading overseas manufacturers.

(Photo credit: Toppan)

India could see at least three more semiconductor fabrication units coming up in the next few months with cumulative investments to the tune of USD 8-12 billion, Union Minister for Electronics and Information Technology Ashwini Vaishnaw said on Tuesday.

India is working hard to get big semiconductor companies to build chip plants in the country with its $10 billion semiconductor program. Global semiconductor giants are considering making factories in India driven by the need to diversify supply chains beyond China and the big demand for tech talents in India.

According to Deccan Herald’s report. At the unveiling of AMD’s global design center in Bengaluru on November 28th, Ashwini Vaishnaw, Union Cabinet Minister for Railways, Telecommunications, Electronics and Information Technology of India, briefed journalists on ongoing negotiations with several local governments to determine precise locations in the following months.

AMD’s global design center plans to host around 3,000 AMD engineers in the coming years, focused on the design and development of semiconductor technology including 3D stacking, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and more. Vaishnaw pointed out that AMD setting up its biggest design center is strong evidence of how much global companies trust India. Besides, Vaishnaw highlighted the achievement of Micron’s semiconductor plant project, which was revealed in June and started construction in September. He said the success of Micron’s initial facility in India has boosted confidence globally.

Apart from global giants’ investment in India, the minister also told about the Semiconductor Lab (SCL) progress in Mohali, mentioned significant headway in the Expression of Interest (EoI) process. He anticipates finalizing matters within the next 5-6 months. The lab is planned to serve as both a research and semi-commercial facility.

The Indian government asserts that a comprehensive microprocessor chip manufacturing initiative is on the horizon in the country. Anil Agarwal, Chairman of Vedanta, anticipates the launch of “Vedanta chips made in India” by 2025, reported by icbank on weixin.

The government envisions establishing a “semiconductor city” in Dholera, Gujarat, covering an area equivalent to Singapore, with Prime Minister Modi expressing confidence in attracting both domestic and international giants to set up manufacturing plants despite the remote location.

The tech hub in Bangalore has played a pivotal role in India’s ascent as a global participant in the semiconductor network, primarily through chip design. Over the past two years, substantial government subsidies have transformed India into a hub for electronic product manufacturing.

India’s Challenges abound in the Actual Chips Manufacture

Despite initiatives like the “production-linked incentive measures” encouraging mobile assembly in India since 2020, chip manufacturing remains a formidable task.

Presently, nearly all cutting-edge chips are produced in Taiwan, with China’s chip investments surpassing those of India. Vedanta Group’s Agarwal plans to kickstart chip manufacturing within two and a half years, extending invitations to global chip manufacturing experts.

While today’s cutting-edge chips are predominantly manufactured in Taiwan, TSMC has even established a fab in Arizona with the assistance of the U.S. “Chip Act.”

India lacks a historical presence in chip manufacturing and faces a shortage of highly skilled engineers and equipment. Nevertheless, the government aims to achieve what companies like TSMC took decades to accomplish through substantial spending and capital investment promotion. However, China’s significant investments in domestic chip manufacturers, following the U.S. ban tightening China’s semiconductor development last October, far exceed India’s investments in local companies.

With the goal of establishing India’s inaugural semiconductor foundry, Mr. Agarwal of Vedanta Group aims to commence chip manufacturing within two and a half years, extending invitations to international talents like David Reed and Texas Instruments.

Agarwal aspires to attract around 300 foreign experts from East Asia and Europe to Gujarat. The manufacturing of microchips also necessitates a significant amount of customized infrastructure, with Vrishno, the responsible official, indicating that India’s largest chemical plant near Dholera can produce the specialized gases and liquids required for any chip factory’s operation.
(Image: AMD India)

The global laptop and PC market is gradually recovering, coupled with the rising trend of AIPC. Laptop brands, including Acer and ASUS, as well as major contract manufacturers like Foxconn and Quanta, have all released positive outlooks for 2024.

Semiconductor giants such as Intel, NVIDIA, AMD, Qualcomm, and others actively entered the AI PC chip market in the second half of 2023, positioning themselves strategically. Both laptop brands and terminal manufacturers have expressed expectations for this development.

Acer

Jason Chen, Chairman and CEO of Taiwan-based computer manufacturer Acer, stated on November 30th that they are currently tallying the sales performance of Acer during Black Friday and Cyber Monday, and the current results are satisfactory. Looking ahead to the PC industry next year, from an overall economic perspective, there are still many uncertain factors, but it appears to be better than this year.

Chen further pointed out that the impact of the pandemic has passed, inventory digestion has also concluded, and entering the traditional seasonal performance, the specific application of generative AI will bring a new wave of demand stimulation.

Regarding AI PCs, Chen emphasized that the transition to AI PCs will be a gradual process rather than a sudden occurrence. He anticipates this transformation will take place in both commercial and consumer markets in the future.

ASUS 

According to UDN’s report, ASUS, another major Taiwanese laptop manufacturer, emphasized the significance of AI PCs during its November investor conference. Co-CEO, S.Y. Hsu, highlighted that AI PCs represent a crucial turning point for the industry, promising a significant improvement in user experience and ushering in a new era for the PC industry.

While he acknowledged that consumer acceptance of AI PCs would take time to increase, he predicted that the penetration rate of AI PCs would reach single digits in 2024 and double digits in 2025, depending on the user experience and technological maturity of AI PCs next year.

Foxconn

For Taiwanese electronics contract manufacturer Foxconn, the outlook for the PC industry in the coming year is described as “very good” by Chiang Chih-Hsiung, General Manager of the B Group and Digital Health at Foxconn.

This indicates Foxconn’s positive expectations for performance in the PC-related industry. Foxconn had previously emphasized that, in addition to AI servers, it would collaborate with customers to expand its presence in the AI PC sector in 2024.

Quanta

In a public interview on November 30th, Chairman Barry Lam of Taiwanese electronics manufacturer Quanta discussed the overall outlook for the next year, emphasizing the role of generative AI in shaping future technological developments.

With the rapid growth in AI computing power demand, the market conditions for next year are quite optimistic. Lin is particularly bullish on the future prospects of three major products: AI PC, AI servers, and AI automotive electronics, with a special emphasis on the significant growth potential of AI PCs.

Quanta is optimistic about the growth momentum in this sector, especially with Microsoft set to launch the latest Windows featuring AI functions next summer. Quanta envisions continued collaboration with GPT in the future for PCs.

TrendForce’s Insight

TrendForce reports the global shipment of notebooks is expected to reach 167 million units in 2023—a YoY decrease of 10.2%. However, with inventory pressures easing, the notebook market is anticipated to return to a balanced supply and demand cycle in 2024. Overall shipment volume is forecast to reach 172 million units, marking a YoY increase of 3.2%.

As for AI PC, TrendForce believes that due to the high costs of upgrading both software and hardware, early development will be focused on high-end business users and content creators. This targeted group has a strong demand for leveraging AI processing capabilities to improve productivity efficiency and can also benefit immediately from related applications, making them the first-generation primary users.

The emergence of AI PCs is not expected to necessarily stimulate additional PC purchase demand. Instead, most upgrades to AI PC devices will occur naturally as part of the business equipment replacement cycle projected for 2024.

Nevertheless, looking to the long term, the potential development of more diverse AI tools—along with a price reduction—may still lead to a higher adoption rate of consumer AI PCs.

Read more

• Key Development Period for AI PCs in 2024; Global Notebook Market Set to Rebound to Healthy Supply-Demand Cycle with an Estimated Growth Rate of 3.2%, Says TrendForce

(Photo credit: Pixabay)