Wistron experienced a slowdown in shipments for product lines like PCs and displays in October, following the prior demand surge. However, their GPU-related AI server products continue to maintain their growth trajectory. Simultaneously, Wiwynn, a subsidiary of Wistron, witnessed a remarkable 20% month-over-month revenue increase due to the rising momentum in AI server-related project shipments, positioning them at the third-highest monthly revenue level in their history for the same period, reported by CTEE.

Both Wistron and Wiwynn hold an optimistic outlook for their AI server products, expecting the growth momentum to extend into the next year. In contrast, they foresee a return to growth trends for non-AI general-purpose servers and cloud data center servers next year, while AI server growth is expected to remain notably strong.

Wistron plays a pivotal role in the AI server supply chain and remains unaffected by high-end GPU shortages and U.S. export restrictions. Shipments in Q4 continue to exhibit consistent month-to-month growth, and the anticipated trend to peak in the second half of the year remains steadfast. Moreover, there are indications of a slight seasonal increase in general-purpose servers in Q4.

In a recent earnings call, Wiwynn maintains an optimistic stance for Q4 and the upcoming year. With the evident growth momentum from AI servers, they anticipate that developments in AI-related projects will lead to a continuous improvement in AI server product shipments.

Furthermore, Wiwynn’s third-largest customer business and AI server revenue both exceeded 10% in the third quarter, marking a significant milestone for the company. Back in October, Wiwynn had set up  a server plant in Malaysia to meet the surging demand for AI servers.

According to TrendForce’s anticipation, in 2023, the shipment of AI servers (including those equipped with GPUs, FPGAs, ASICs, etc.) is expected to exceed 1.2 million units, with a year-on-year increase of 37.7%, accounting for 9% of the total server shipments. In 2024, it is projected to further grow by more than 38%, with shipments reaching approximately 1.676 million units, and the share of AI servers will exceed 12%.
(Image: Wistron)

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In October 2023, Quanta revealed plans to open three new factories in California, USA, with the goal of creating state-of-the-art assembly lines for AI servers. Around the same time, Wiwynn shared its intentions to launch a server cabinet assembly plant in Johor, Malaysia, featuring advanced liquid cooling technology. Additionally, server contract manufacturing giants, Foxconn and Inventec, are strategically positioning their AI server manufacturing facilities both domestically and internationally to meet the expected demand for AI server orders in the 2024 market.

 TrendForce’s Insights:

1. Wiwynn and Quanta Open New AI Server Facilities, Enhancing Orders from Major U.S. Cloud Service Providers

Both Wiwynn and Quanta are contract manufacturers for cloud service giants such as Meta, Microsoft, and AWS. These three cloud service providers accounted for nearly 50% of the global server procurement in 2023. They’re doing this to keep up with the growing demand for AI servers, especially in the latter part of 2023, driven by applications like ChatGPT. Big cloud service providers, have allocated a significant chunk of their global server orders to these manufacturers, giving AI servers a top spot over regular servers.

Wiwynn, in particular, has set up shop in Malaysia to meet the surging demand for AI servers. Due to factors like the trade tensions between China and the U.S. and tariff avoidance measures, they are shifting their manufacturing capacity and equipment from their Guangdong factory in China to locations in Taiwan and Malaysia. This transition is expected to be completed between the end of 2023 and early 2024, making it easier to manage resources on a global scale.

Quanta’s smart move to open new assembly fabs near major U.S. cloud service providers allows them to deliver quickly to data centers in Europe and the U.S., saving on transportation costs and ensuring speedy deliveries. Both major Taiwanese manufacturers are optimistic about their orders for AI servers. This optimism allows them to expand their manufacturing capabilities in existing and new locations to strengthen partnerships with the big cloud players.

2. Leading Taiwanese Server Manufacturers Expand Production at Home and Abroad, Anticipating a Multi-Fold Growth in AI Server Shipments by 2024

Major companies like Foxconn and Inventec are actively expanding their production facilities, both in their home country and abroad, to prepare for the expected increase in orders for AI servers from leading cloud service providers in 2024.

Fii and Ingrasys Inc., two important subsidiaries of Foxconn, dedicated to handling orders and manufacturing for servers. They have their own server assembly plants in various locations, including China, the United States, Europe, Vietnam, and Taiwan. They follow an integrated supply chain model, starting from producing motherboards to assembling complete server cabinets. Once the assembly is done, they ship the products to the data centers of cloud service providers. To meet the anticipated high-end AI server orders in 2024, Ingrasys Inc. added new production lines in the second quarter of 2023 to meet the demands of AI server manufacturers.

Inventec, a manufacturer that specializes in making server motherboards, expects a steady demand for AI servers in 2024-2025. With this expectation, they started construction at their factory in Thailand in Q3 of 2023. By Q4 of 2024, the factory will undergo production line testing, and mass production could begin as early as the first quarter of 2025 to meet the needs of major manufacturers. The new factory in Mexico is expected to match the production capacity of their Chinese facility. It has already started limited production and is expected to be in full operation by Q4 of 2024.

The four major contract manufacturers in Taiwan, specializing in server production, are either adding new production lines to their existing facilities or building new factories overseas between Q2 to Q4 of 2023. This undoubtedly shows their positive attitude to AI server shipments in 2024. As the use of AI servers continues to grow, market demand is expected to significantly increase year by year, which is likely to bring substantial revenue, profit, and production advantages to these contract manufacturers.

Source to China Times, in response to increased visibility in AI server orders and optimistic future demand, two ODM-Direct based in Taiwan, Wiwynn, and Quanta, are accelerating the expansion of their server production lines in non-Chinese regions. Recently, there have been updates on their progress. Wiwynn has completed the first phase of its self-owned new factory in Malaysia, specifically for L10. As for Quanta, has further expanded its L10 production line in California, both gearing up for future AI server orders.

Wiwynn’s new server assembly factory, located in the Senai Airport City in Johor, Malaysia, was officially inaugurated on the 12th, and it will provide full cabinet assembly services for large-scale data centers. Additionally, the second phase of the front-end server motherboard production line is expected to be completed and operational next year, allowing Wiwynn to offer high-end AI servers and advanced cooling technology to cloud service providers and customers in the SEA region

While Wiwynn has experienced some slowdown in shipments and revenue due to its customers adjusting to inventory and CAPEX impacts in recent quarters, Wiwynn still chooses to continue its overseas factory expansion efforts. Notably, with the addition of the new factory in Malaysia, Wiwynn’s vision of establishing a one-stop manufacturing, service, and engineering center in the APAC region is becoming a reality.

Especially as we enter Q4, the shipment of AI servers based on NVIDIA’s AI-GPU architecture is expected to boost Wiwynn’s revenue. The market predicts that after a strong fourth quarter, this momentum will carry forward into the next year.

How significant is the demand for AI servers?

According to TrendForce projection, a dramatic surge in AI server shipments for 2023, with an estimated 1.2 million units—outfitted with GPUs, FPGAs, and ASICs—destined for markets around the world, marking a robust YoY growth of 38.4%. This increase resonates with the mounting demand for AI servers and chips, resulting in AI servers poised to constitute nearly 9% of the total server shipments, a figure projected to increase to 15% by 2026. TrendForce has revised its CAGR forecast for AI server shipments between 2022 and 2026 upwards to an ambitious 29%.

Quanta has also been rapidly expanding its production capacity in North America and Southeast Asia in recent years. This year, in addition to establishing new facilities in Vietnam, they have recently expanded their production capacity at their California-based Fremont plant.

The Fremont plant in California has been Quanta’s primary location for the L10 production line in the United States. In recent years, it has expanded several times. With the increasing demand for data center construction by Tier 1 CSP, Quanta’s Tennessee plant has also received multiple investments to prepare for operational needs and capacity expansion.

In August of this year, Quanta initially injected $135 million USD into its California subsidiary, which then leased a nearly 4,500 square-meter site in the Bay Area. Recently, Quanta announced a $79.6 million USD contract awarded to McLarney Construction, Inc. for three construction projects within their new factory locations.

It is expected that Quanta’s new production capacity will gradually come online, with the earliest capacity expected in 2H24, and full-scale production scheduled for 1H25. With the release of new high-end AI servers featuring the H100 architecture, Quanta has been shipping these products since August and September, contributing to its revenue growth. They aim to achieve a 20% YoY increase in server sales for 2023, with the potential for further significant growth in 2024.

US-based CSPs have been establishing SMT production lines in Southeast Asia since late 2022 to mitigate geopolitical risks and supply chain disruptions. TrendForce reports that Taiwan-based server ODMs, including Quanta, Foxconn, Wistron (including Wiwynn), and Inventec, have set up production bases in countries like Thailand, Vietnam, and Malaysia. It’s projected that by 2023, the production capacity from these regions will account for 23%, and by 2026, it will approach 50%.

TrendForce reveals that Quanta, due to its geographical ties, has established several production lines in its Thai facilities centered around Google and Celestica, aiming for optimal positioning to foster customer loyalty. Meanwhile, Foxconn has renovated its existing facilities in Hanoi, Vietnam, and uses its Wisconsin plant to accommodate customer needs. Both Wistron and Wiwynn are progressively establishing assembly plants and SMT production lines in Malaysia. Inventec’s current strategy mirrors that of Quanta, with plans to build SMT production lines in Thailand by 2024 and commence server production in late 2024.

CSPs aim to control the core supply chain, AI server supply chain trends toward decentralization

TrendForce suggests that changes in the supply chain aren’t just about circumventing geopolitical risks—equally vital is increased control over key high-cost components, including CPUs, GPUs, and other critical materials. With rising demand for next-generation AI and Large Language Models, supply chain stockpiling grows each quarter. Accompanied by a surge in demand in 1H23, CSPs will become especially cautious in their supply chain management.

Google, with its in-house developed TPU machines, possesses both the core R&D and supply chain leadership. Moreover, its production stronghold primarily revolves around its own manufacturing sites in Thailand. However, Google still relies on cooperative ODMs for human resource allocation and production scheduling, while managing other materials internally. To avoid disruptions in the supply chain, companies like Microsoft, Meta, and AWS are not only aiming for flexibility in supply chain management but are also integrating system integrators into ODM production. This approach allows for more dispersed and meticulous coordination and execution of projects.

Initially, Meta heavily relied on direct purchases of complete server systems, with Intel’s Habana system being one of the first to be integrated into Meta’s infrastructure. This made sense since the CPU for their web-type servers were often semi-custom versions from Intel. Based on system optimization levels, Meta found Habana to be the most direct and seamless solution. Notably, it was only last year that Meta began to delegate parts of its Metaverse project to ODMs. This year, as part of its push into generative AI, Meta has also started adopting NVIDIA’s solutions extensively.

NVIDIA’s robust financial report reveals the true impact of AI on the technology industry, particularly in the AI server supply chain. …